PAM Articles 
Ethics and the New Managerialism
H. GEORGE FREDERICKSON
PAM, Vol. 4 No. 2,
(1999)
Consider some of the primary characteristics of the new public management:
• First, sharply reduce governmental regulations and red tape;
• Then mix this with privatizing and contracting-out many public functions thought heretofore to be primarily governmental;
• Now reduce significantly the directly employed governmental workforce;
• Do not train a cadre of government employees to be competent contract managers;
• Now mix all of this with the widespread application of market logic and particularly the idea of institutional competition;
• Finally, stir for a decade in a hot political and social environment.